{"id":2666,"date":"2025-08-21T09:15:53","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T01:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/minimizing-thermal-stress-selective-wave-soldering-tips\/"},"modified":"2025-08-21T11:52:15","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T03:52:15","slug":"minimizing-thermal-stress-selective-wave-soldering-tips","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/minimizing-thermal-stress-selective-wave-soldering-tips\/","title":{"rendered":"Minimiziranje toplinskog stresa pri selektivnom valnom lemljenju"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" class=\"wp-image-2661\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738950-f8b7dd16d6b541c4aefb710cb8b0e921.webp\" alt=\"Minimizing Thermal Stress in Selective Wave Soldering\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738950-f8b7dd16d6b541c4aefb710cb8b0e921.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738950-f8b7dd16d6b541c4aefb710cb8b0e921-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738950-f8b7dd16d6b541c4aefb710cb8b0e921-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738950-f8b7dd16d6b541c4aefb710cb8b0e921-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" title=\"Minimizing Thermal Stress in Selective Wave Soldering - S&amp;M Co.Ltd\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can lower thermal stress in selective wave soldering by using preheating, temperature control, and selective heating.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mclpcb.com\/blog\/wave-soldering-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Preheating slowly warms up the PCB<\/a>. This stops thermal shock and helps keep parts from cracking or lifting.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>If you skip preheating, you might get problems like not enough hole fill or lifted parts because the temperature is not steady.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/blog\/2021\/06\/18\/why-pcb-preheating-is-so-important\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Good temperature control makes sure the board gets hot enough before the solder wave<\/a>. This helps make better solder joints and lowers the chance of parts failing.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Klju\u010dne poruke<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Warm up the PCB slowly between 100\u00b0C and 150\u00b0C. This helps stop thermal shock. It also keeps parts from cracking or lifting.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Watch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/improve-wave-soldering-quality-5-effective-methods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">solder wave settings<\/a> like temperature, wave height, and dwell time. This makes strong solder joints. It also helps stop damage.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Use thermal barriers and pick flux with care. This keeps sensitive parts safe. It also helps solder flow better.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Check the soldering process in real time with sensors and cameras. This helps find problems early. It also keeps quality high.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/high-precision-welding-selective-wave-soldering-solutions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Design your PCB<\/a> with thermal reliefs and balanced copper. This spreads heat evenly. It helps stop warping or hot spots.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thermal Stress Basics<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" class=\"wp-image-2662\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738951-45aa593073fd4dc88d84128e189bcf13.webp\" alt=\"Thermal Stress Basics\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738951-45aa593073fd4dc88d84128e189bcf13.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738951-45aa593073fd4dc88d84128e189bcf13-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738951-45aa593073fd4dc88d84128e189bcf13-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738951-45aa593073fd4dc88d84128e189bcf13-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" title=\"Minimizing Thermal Stress in Selective Wave Soldering1 - S&amp;M Co.Ltd\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Causes<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Thermal stress happens when parts on your PCB get bigger or smaller at different speeds. Each material, like the chip, solder, and copper, changes size in its own way. This is because each one has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9292\/11\/1\/62\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)<\/a>. When you heat the board, these differences cause stress where the materials meet. The most stress happens between the chip and the solder. Heating and cooling the board many times makes the stress worse. Cracks can start at the chip\u2013solder spot after several cycles. If you pick solder with a CTE close to the chip, you can lower the stress and make the board last longer.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Selective wave soldering lets you control where the heat goes. It <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pcbaaa.com\/selective-wave-soldering-vs-traditional-wave-soldering-which-is-better\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">does not heat the whole board<\/a> like traditional wave soldering. Instead, it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/role-significance-selective-wave-soldering-pcba-alice-wu-sru7c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">heats only the spots that need soldering<\/a>. This keeps the rest of the board cooler. It also protects parts like connectors and ICs. By not dipping the whole board in hot solder, you lower the heat on the board. This helps keep SMT parts safe.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Effects<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Thermal stress can cause many problems for solder joints and parts. Here are some common effects:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Solder joints can crack, mostly where the solder meets the chip.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>The intermetallic compound (IMC) layers in the solder can get thicker and more brittle, which makes joints weaker.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Solder joints do not last as long when the board gets hot and cold a lot.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Electronic devices can fail, and <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11123225\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">about 70% of these failures<\/a> are from packaging and assembly problems, often because of thermal failure in solder joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Smaller solder joints and lead-free solders can make these problems worse by making IMC grow faster.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p>Tip: You can make your board more reliable by watching temperature cycles and picking materials with similar CTE values.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Factors<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Temperature Profile<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>It is important to watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hvttec.com\/what-is-the-optimal-temperature-for-selective-wave-soldering.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">temperaturni profil<\/a> during selective wave soldering. This helps keep your PCB and its parts safe. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allpcb.com\/fr-FR\/blog\/pcb-assembly\/optimizing-wave-soldering-temperature-a-key-factor-for-reliable-pcb-joints.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Preheating the board between 100\u00b0C and 150\u00b0C for 60 to 120 seconds<\/a> is helpful. It lowers thermal shock and gets the flux working. This step gets the board ready for soldering. It also makes sure the flux can clean off oxides. If you heat the board slowly, at 1\u20133\u00b0C per second, you avoid quick changes in <a href=\"https:\/\/wraycastle.com\/blogs\/knowledge-base\/soldering-temperature\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">temperature<\/a>. Fast changes can cause thermal stress.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Here is a table with the best temperature profile settings:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><colgroup><col \/><col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Temperature Profile Parameter<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Recommended Range \/ Description<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Preheat Temperature<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>100\u00b0C to 150\u00b0C<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Solder Bath Temperature<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>250\u00b0C to 300\u00b0C<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Stopa hla\u0111enja<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>2\u20134\u00b0C per second<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Nitrogen Environment<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>250\u00b0C\u2013270\u00b0C for void-free joints<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Temperature Monitoring<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Use thermocouples or IR sensors<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Kalibracija opreme<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Regular calibration<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p>Napomena: <a href=\"https:\/\/jhdpcb.com\/blog\/wave-and-reflow-soldering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Cooling the board at 2\u20134\u00b0C per second<\/a> stops the PCB from bending. It also keeps solder joints strong.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dwell Time<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wevolver.com\/article\/soldering-temperature-optimizing-heat-for-reliable-electronic-assemblies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Dwell time<\/a> is how long the board touches the solder wave. You need to watch this time closely. If the board stays in the solder too long, it can hurt sensitive parts. Things like bond wire lifting, die damage, or melting plastic can happen. Longer dwell times mean more heat, which raises thermal stress. Use the lowest temperature that lets you solder in just a few seconds. This keeps dwell time short. Letting the board cool between joints stops heat from building up.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Too much dwell time means more chance of damage.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Too little dwell time means weak solder joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>You need to find the right amount of time for your board.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Component Sensitivity<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Some parts are more sensitive to heat than others. Always check the specs for each part before you solder. Change the soldering speed and equipment temperature for your most sensitive parts. If the temperature is too high, solder joints can get brittle or the board can crack. If the temperature is too low, solder may not flow well. This can make weak joints. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ssmt-11-2023-0064\/full\/html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Good temperature control<\/a> and careful work help stop solder bridging and other problems. This keeps thermal stress as low as possible.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Minimizing Thermal Stress<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Predgrijavanje<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can lower thermal stress by heating the PCB slowly. Warm the board before it touches the solder wave. This helps the flux clean the metal and makes solder flow better. Preheating also stops thermal shock, which can break parts or hurt solder joints. Keep the preheat temperature between 105\u00b0C and 145\u00b0C for best results. Hold the board at this heat long enough for the flux to work, but not so long that it burns.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Savjet:<\/strong> Preheating helps the flux work and heats the board evenly. This keeps sensitive parts safer during soldering.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Solder Wave Control<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You must <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/improve-wave-soldering-quality-5-effective-methods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">control the solder wave<\/a> to keep thermal stress low. Change the wave height, contact time, and solder temperature for your board. Use sensors and check often to keep these settings steady. The table below shows the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ltpcba.com\/key-parameters-for-controlling-smt-wave-soldering-processes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">best ranges for each setting<\/a>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><colgroup><col \/><col \/><col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Parameter<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Recommended Range\/Value<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Purpose\/Effect on Thermal Stress and Solder Quality<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Wave Height<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>8\u201312 mm<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Makes sure pads touch the solder but do not splash; too low means open circuits, too high means splatter and bridging.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Contact Time<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>2 sec (small components), 4 sec (large through-hole)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Gives enough time for soldering without too much heat, balancing wetting and thermal stress.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Stopa hla\u0111enja<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>3\u20136 \u00b0C\/s<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Fast but steady cooling stops thermal stress and cracks; too fast causes stress, too slow makes weak joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Preheating Temp<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>105\u2013145 \u00b0C<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Activates flux and stops thermal shock; too low means flux does not work, too high burns flux and causes oxidation.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Solder Temp<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Lead-free: 250\u2013270 \u00b0C; Leaded: 230\u2013250 \u00b0C<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Matches the solder melting point so parts do not get damaged.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Conveyor Speed<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>0.8\u20131.5 m\/min (varies by PCB complexity)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Controls how long the board is in the solder wave; too fast means cold joints, too slow means overheating and color change.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"wp-image-2663\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-chart_1755738286754734924.webp\" alt=\"Bar chart comparing recommended ranges for solder wave process parameters\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-chart_1755738286754734924.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-chart_1755738286754734924-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-chart_1755738286754734924-768x576.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"Minimizing Thermal Stress in Selective Wave Soldering2 - S&amp;M Co.Ltd\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Use solder with a coefficient of thermal expansion close to your board.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.numberanalytics.com\/blog\/ultimate-soldering-guide-advanced-processing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Set the soldering temperature and time to stop overheating<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Pick a slow, steady cooling rate to stop cracks.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Change all settings for your board and equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Use nitrogen to stop oxidation and make solder better.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Napomena:<\/strong> For multilayer boards, use rotating thermal reliefs and keep them at least 0.4 mm. This helps lower Z-axis stress and stops the board from bending.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thermal Barriers<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/how-does-parameter-temperature-correction-work-smt-process-uqwyc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Thermal barriers protect sensitive parts from too much heat<\/a>. You can use shields made from aluminum or ceramics to block heat. Temporary covers or lids hold back heat until the board is ready. These methods help all parts heat up at the same speed, which lowers thermal stress.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Shields and barriers keep heat away from delicate parts.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>They help the board heat up more evenly.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>You avoid fast or uneven heating, which can cause cracks or weak joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Alert:<\/strong> Always check that your thermal barriers fit well and do not block the solder wave from reaching the pads.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flux Selection<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Picking the right flux is important for lowering thermal stress. Choose a flux with the right activity level for your temperature. Check the solids content because it affects how the flux works with heat. Make sure the flux matches your board and parts to stop damage.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Pick flux based on activity level for good activation.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Check the solids content for good performance with heat.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Make sure the flux works with your board and parts.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Savjet:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/selective-soldering-pcb-technical-details-hpoac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Preheating helps the flux work better<\/a>, lowers thermal shock, and helps solder stick. This step makes strong, reliable joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Process Control<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Monitoring<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>It is important to watch your selective wave soldering process as it happens. Modern machines use special tools to check temperature, wave height, and nitrogen flow. These tools help you find problems before they hurt your boards. When you get feedback right away, you can change settings fast. This keeps the process steady and easy to repeat.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Here is a table with some of the best monitoring systems and what they do:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><colgroup><col \/><col \/><col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Temperature Monitoring System<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Opis<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Contribution to Process Reliability<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Optical Pyrometer<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Measures the real PCB temperature and uses closed-loop control<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Gives exact temperature readings and feedback for steady soldering quality<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Nitrogen Flow Digital Monitoring<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Checks nitrogen pressure and flow to keep the solder pot level and temperature steady<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Keeps solder pot conditions steady and repeatable, better than old probes<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Super-Heated Nitrogen Path<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Warms up nitrogen inside the solder pot and along the solder path<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Stops temperature changes in the solder wave, making the process more stable<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Wave Height Monitoring<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Uses resistive checks and closed-loop feedback to keep <a href=\"https:\/\/www.us-tech.com\/RelId\/700102\/issearch\/seica\/pagenum\/34\/ISvars\/default\/Lead_free_Selective_Soldering_Equipment.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">wave height within \u00b10.005-in.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Needed for soldering small, close-together parts with high accuracy<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>PID Temperature Control<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Controls solder wave crest temperature from 0-400\u00b0C with closed-loop servomotor tech<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Gives accurate, repeatable temperature control and placement during soldering<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Soldering Vision System<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Watches and records the soldering process in real time<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Helps track the process and check quality right away<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Top-Side Preheating<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Keeps the board warm during soldering, good for heavy boards<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Makes heat spread better and helps solder stick, giving steady results<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can also use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wave-solder-vs-selective-wave-soldering-choosing-the-right-method-for-your-pcb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cameras and alarms that work in real time<\/a>. These tools help you spot problems quickly and keep things running smoothly.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Validation<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Morate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/improve-wave-soldering-quality-5-effective-methods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">check your process<\/a> to meet quality rules and make sure solder joints are strong. Validation means checking every step, from the materials to the machine settings. Start by making a process flow chart and looking for possible failures. Test your process at both the lowest and highest settings for temperature, flux, and conveyor speed. This shows if your process works in all situations.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><colgroup><col \/><col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/elsmar.com\/elsmarqualityforum\/threads\/validation-of-wave-solder-process-pcba-for-medical-products.48274\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Validation Aspect<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Recommended Procedure \/ Consideration<\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Process Variables<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Track and write down solder type, flux type and use, bath and zone temperatures, wave height, and conveyor speed.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Process Flow Analysis<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Begin with a Process Flow Diagram (PFD) and a Process Failure Mode Effects Analysis (pFMEA) to find key risks.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Validation Trials<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Test process settings at the hardest limits (like low\/high temperatures, flux amounts, chain speeds) to check quality.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Inspection Methods<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Use visual checks and X-ray scans to verify, but not just for validation.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Continuous Monitoring<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Always record process settings and compare them to good ones for better control.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Sample Size &amp; Criteria<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Use experience or math methods; check first samples by eye and test all for function.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Operator Qualification<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Make sure operators are trained, certified, and checked for quality as part of validation.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Qualification Phases<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\r\n<p>Use Installation Qualification (IQ), Operational Qualification (OQ), and Performance Qualification (PQ).<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Savjet:<\/strong> Watching and checking your process all the time helps you find problems early. This keeps your process strong and your products safe.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PCB Design<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" class=\"wp-image-2664\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-78d85fe84746451e933299a889d54d04.webp\" alt=\"PCB Design\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-78d85fe84746451e933299a889d54d04.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-78d85fe84746451e933299a889d54d04-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-78d85fe84746451e933299a889d54d04-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1755738952-78d85fe84746451e933299a889d54d04-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" title=\"Minimizing Thermal Stress in Selective Wave Soldering3 - S&amp;M Co.Ltd\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Layout Tips<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can make your PCB handle heat better by making thermal zones. These zones help the board warm up slowly and evenly. Use <a href=\"https:\/\/unitcircuits.com\/lead-free-pcb-assembly-thermal-management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">thermal relief vias in power planes<\/a> to move heat away from hot spots. This keeps the board from getting too hot. Put parts with different heat needs in separate areas. This protects sensitive parts from too much heat. Run <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ltpcba.com\/reflow-soldering-temperature-zones-and-pcb-quality\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">thermal stress modeling<\/a> early in your design. This helps you find and fix hot spots before building the board.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Here are some layout strategies to help manage heat:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mclpcb.com\/pcb-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Add thermal reliefs to connect pads to planes<\/a> for better heat flow.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Balance copper on the board to stop warping and twisting.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Use copper pours and thieving to spread heat evenly.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Check your design with simulation tools to find thermal problems.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p><strong>Savjet:<\/strong> Use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wevolver.com\/article\/demystifying-soldering-techniques-a-comparison-of-wave-soldering-and-reflow-soldering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">pallets or fixtures during soldering<\/a> to support the board and stop warping.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Component Choice<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Pick parts that can handle the heat of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wave-solder-vs-selective-wave-soldering-choosing-the-right-method-for-your-pcb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">selektivno valno lemljenje<\/a>. Most lead-free parts need to take <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allpcb.com\/blog\/pcb-assembly\/optimizing-wave-soldering-temperature-a-key-factor-for-reliable-pcb-joints.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">250\u00b0C to 260\u00b0C<\/a>. Always check the highest temperature each part can take, especially for electrolytic capacitors and microcontrollers. Use <a href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/attention-to-in-pcb-soldering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">thermal profiling<\/a> tools to set the right temperature for your most sensitive parts. Choose board thickness and copper weight to match your heat needs. Thicker boards may need higher preheat temperatures for even heating.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Pick parts with high heat tolerance.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Place sensitive parts away from the hottest areas.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.allpcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/wave-soldering-vs-reflow-for-double-sided-boards-choosing-the-right-process.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Program solder nozzle movement<\/a> to limit heat on delicate parts.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Use flux and preheat based on what each part needs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Mistakes<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Many designers make mistakes that can damage the board during soldering. Avoid these common errors:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Not doing thermal profiling, which causes uneven heating and cooling.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Picking PCB materials with poor thermal properties or mismatched expansion rates.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Putting parts too close together, which traps heat and makes hot spots.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Using wrong hole sizes for through-hole parts, which makes weak solder joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Setting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.7pcb.com\/blog\/why-are-components-soldered-poorly-on-pcbs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">soldering temperatures or times too high or too low<\/a>, which causes pad damage or cold joints.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can stop these problems by running thermal simulations, using the right heating profiles, and keeping your equipment in good shape.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You can get good selective wave soldering by watching the process closely and designing your PCB well. Use real-time monitoring to help you spot problems fast. Keep the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omron.com\/global\/en\/technology\/omrontechnics\/vol51\/019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">wave height, flux, and temperature<\/a> in the right range. This helps stop mistakes and makes solder joints strong. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/selective-soldering-pcb-technical-details-what-how-glcbc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Preheating the board<\/a> helps protect parts. Using nitrogen and setting the conveyor speed right also helps solder stick better. Watch important numbers and change settings quickly if you see a problem.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p>If you follow these tips, you will have fewer mistakes, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/wave-soldering-advantages-disadvantages-qnezc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">save energy<\/a>, and your boards will last longer.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cesto postavljana pitanja<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the best way to prevent thermal shock during selective wave soldering?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>You should preheat your PCB slowly. This helps the board and parts warm up together. Preheating stops cracks or lifted pads from quick temperature changes.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How do you choose the right flux for selective wave soldering?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Pick flux that works with your soldering temperature and board. Look at the activity level and solids content. The right flux helps solder flow and lowers thermal stress on sensitive parts.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why does dwell time matter in selective wave soldering?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Dwell time means how long your board touches the solder wave. Too much time gives too much heat and can hurt parts. Too little time makes weak solder joints. You need to find the best time for your board.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can you use selective wave soldering for all PCB types?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Mo\u017eete koristiti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/faq\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">selektivno valno lemljenje<\/a> for most through-hole and mixed boards. Very packed or heat-sensitive boards need extra care. Always check part specs and do thermal profiling first.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Minimize thermal stress in selective wave soldering by optimizing preheating, temperature control, and dwell time for reliable PCB assembly.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"categories":[1,52],"tags":[87,84,64,68,83],"class_list":["post-2666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-company-news","category-product-information","tag-selective-wave-soldering","tag-solder-equipment","tag-soldering-process","tag-wave-solder-machine","tag-welding-equipment"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2666\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chuxin-smt.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}